Neuropalliative care for progressive neurological diseases: A scoping review on models of care and priorities for future research

Background:Neuropalliative care is a newly-defined subspeciality bringing specific aspects of fields of neurology and palliative care together to better meet the complex care needs of people with progressive neurological diseases. Examining these needs would help provide guidance about developing relevant models of care and identify gaps in research knowledge. Aim:To identify current models and approaches to neuropalliative care for people with progressive neurological diseases and the priorities for future research work. Design:A scoping literature review following the methods described by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data sources:An electronic search of the literature was undertaken from six sources including MEDLINE (Ovid), EMCARE, PsycINFO and CINAHL covering the years January 2011 to September 2021. Results:Twenty-eight studies were found examining neuropalliative care from the perspectives of 4795 PND patients, 774 informal carers and 138 health professionals. All studies held themes of integrative care, with most studies employing outpatient models of multidisciplinary care. Topics discussed included: overcoming local system-issues, providing education for professionals, patients and carers, early referral and capturing outcome measures for quality-assurance and future research work. Conclusions:Most models of neuropalliative care described in the international literature are predominantly outpatient, multidisciplinary and integrative. Clinicians typically utilise existing neurology and palliative care infrastructure to provide care. More high-quality research and outcome tools are needed to guide the design of evidence-based palliative care for people with progressive neurological diseases.