Bubble in the Whale: Identifying the Optical Counterparts and Extended Nebula for the Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources in NGC 4631

We present a deep optical imaging campaign on the starburst galaxy NGC 4631 with CFHT/MegaCam. By supplementing the HST/ACS and Chandra/ACIS archival data, we search for the optical counterpart candidates of the five brightest X-ray sources in this galaxy, four of which are identified as ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The stellar environments of the X-ray sources are analyzed using the extinction-corrected color-magnitude diagrams and the isochrone models. We discover a highly asymmetric bubble nebula around X4 that exhibits different morphology in the H alpha and [O iii] images. The [O iii]/H alpha ratio map shows that the H alpha-bright bubble may be formed mainly via the shock ionization by the one-sided jet/outflow, while the more compact [O iii] structure is photoionized by the ULX. We constrain the bubble expansion velocity and interstellar medium density with the MAPPINGS V code and hence estimate the mechanical power injected into the bubble as P (w) similar to 5 x 10(40) erg s(-1) and the corresponding bubble age as similar to 7 x 10(5) yr. Relativistic jets are needed to provide such a level of mechanical power with a mass-loss rate of similar to 10(-7) M (circle dot) yr(-1). Besides the accretion, the black hole spin is likely an additional energy source for the super-Eddington jet power.