Inactivity and obesity: consequences for macrophage-mediated inflammation and the development of cardiometabolic disease

被引:11
作者
Bishop, Nicolette C. [1 ]
Wadley, Alex J. [2 ]
Hamrouni, Malik [1 ]
Roberts, Matthew J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Loughborough Univ, Natl Ctr Sport & Exercise Med, Sch Sport Exercise & Hlth Sci, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England
[2] Univ Birmingham, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Sch Sport Exercise & Rehabil Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England
关键词
Obesity and overweight; CVD; Inflammation; Physical activity; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CD14+CD16+ MONOCYTES; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; EXERCISE; EXPRESSION; MIGRATION; HYPOXIA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; INTERLEUKIN-6;
D O I
10.1017/S0029665122002671
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Obesity and dyslipidaemia are strongly associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases including CVD, stroke, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While these conditions are preventable, they are leading causes of mortality globally. There is now overwhelming clinical and experimental evidence that these conditions are driven by chronic systemic inflammation, with a growing body of data suggesting that this can be regulated by increasing levels of physical activity and reducing sedentary time. In this review we address the role of macrophage-mediated inflammation on the development of cardiometabolic diseases in individuals with overweight and obesity and how reducing sedentary behaviour and increasing physical activity appears to lessen these pro-inflammatory processes, reducing the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. While loss of subcutaneous and visceral fat mass is important for reducing chronic systemic inflammation, the mediating effects of increasing physical activity levels and lowering sedentary time on the development of inflamed adipose tissue also occur independently of changes in adiposity. The message that weight loss is not necessary for the benefits of physical activity in lowering chronic inflammation and improving health should encourage those for whom losing weight is difficult. Additionally, while the health benefits of meeting the recommended physical activity guidelines are clear, simply moving more appears to lower chronic systemic inflammation. Reducing sitting time and increasing light physical activity may therefore provide an alternative, more approachable manner for some with overweight and obesity to become more active, reduce chronic inflammation and improve cardiometabolic health.
引用
收藏
页码:13 / 21
页数:9
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