[1] Koforidua Polytech, Dept Bldg Technol, Koforidua, Ghana
[2] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England
[3] Univ West England, Dept Architecture & Built Environm, Bristol, Avon, England
[4] Univ West England, Vice Chancellors Off, Bristol, Avon, England
[5] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Construct Technol & Management, Kumasi, Ghana
[6] Univ Manchester, Dept Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Manchester, Lancs, England