Measuring the cosmic X-ray background accurately

被引:3
作者
Li, Hancheng [1 ]
Walter, Roland [1 ]
Produit, Nicolas [1 ]
Hubert, Fiona [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, 16 Chemin Ecogia, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
[2] EPF Ecole Ingn E S, 55 Ave President Wilson, FR-94230 Cachan, France
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
Instrumentation center dot Detectors; X-rays center dot Diffuse background; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ABSORBED AGNS; CHANDRA; SPECTRUM; EVOLUTION; SCINTILLATORS; POPULATION; INTENSITY; EMISSION;
D O I
10.1007/s10686-023-09896-7
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Synthesis Synthesis models of the diffuse Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) suggest that it can be resolved into discrete sources, primarily Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). Measuring the CXB accurately offers a unique probe to study the AGN population in the nearby Universe. Current hard X-ray instruments suffer from the time-dependent background and cross-calibration issues. As a result, their measurements of the CXB normalization have an uncertainty of the order of similar to 15%. In this paper, we present the concept and simulated performances of a CXB detector, which could be operated on different platforms. With a 16-Unit CubeSat mission running for more than two years in space, such a detector could measure the CXB normalization with similar to 1% uncertainty.
引用
收藏
页码:141 / 170
页数:30
相关论文
共 97 条
[81]   OBSERVATION OF SOLAR WIND CHARGE EXCHANGE EMISSION FROM EXOSPHERIC MATERIAL IN AND OUTSIDE EARTH'S MAGNETOSHEATH 2008 SEPTEMBER 25 [J].
Snowden, S. L. ;
Collier, M. R. ;
Cravens, T. ;
Kuntz, K. D. ;
Lepri, S. T. ;
Robertson, I. ;
Tomas, L. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2009, 691 (01) :372-381
[82]   The albedo of Earth [J].
Stephens, Graeme L. ;
O'Brien, Denis ;
Webster, Peter J. ;
Pilewski, Peter ;
Kato, Seiji ;
Li, Jui-lin .
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS, 2015, 53 (01) :141-163
[83]   THE SPACE DENSITY OF COMPTON-THICK ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS AND THE X-RAY BACKGROUND [J].
Treister, E. ;
Urry, C. Megan ;
Virani, Shanil .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2009, 696 (01) :110-120
[84]   INTEGRAL hard X-ray spectra of the cosmic X-ray background and Galactic ridge emission [J].
Tuerler, M. ;
Chernyakova, M. ;
Courvoisier, T. J. -L. ;
Lubinski, P. ;
Neronov, A. ;
Produit, N. ;
Walter, R. .
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2010, 512
[85]   Cosmological evolution of the hard X-ray active galactic nucleus luminosity function and the origin of the hard X-ray background [J].
Ueda, Y ;
Akiyama, M ;
Ohta, K ;
Miyaji, T .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2003, 598 (02) :886-908
[86]   TOWARD THE STANDARD POPULATION SYNTHESIS MODEL OF THE X-RAY BACKGROUND: EVOLUTION OF X-RAY LUMINOSITY AND ABSORPTION FUNCTIONS OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI INCLUDING COMPTON-THICK POPULATIONS [J].
Ueda, Yoshihiro ;
Akiyama, Masayuki ;
Hasinger, Guenther ;
Miyaji, Takamitsu ;
Watson, Michael G. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2014, 786 (02)
[87]  
Vecchi A, 1999, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V349, pL73
[88]  
Videra E., 2013, ESA SPECIAL PUBLICAT, V718, P8
[89]   Localization of Gamma-ray Bursts using the Compton polarimeter POLAR [J].
Wang, Yuan-Hao ;
Sun, Jian-Chao ;
Kole, Merlin ;
Wu, Bo-Bing ;
Produit, Nicolas ;
Hajdas, Wojtek ;
Hulsman, Johannes ;
Li, Han-Cheng ;
Li, Zheng-Heng ;
Marcinkowski, Radoslaw ;
Pollo, Agnieszka ;
Song, Li-Ming ;
Szabelski, Jacek ;
Tymieniecka, Teresa ;
Wang, Rui-Jie ;
Wu, Xin ;
Xiao, Hua-Lin ;
Xiong, Shao-Lin ;
Zhang, Shuang-Nan ;
Zhang, Yong-Jie ;
Zhao, Yi .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2021, 988
[90]   THE GALACTIC RIDGE OBSERVED BY EXOSAT [J].
WARWICK, RS ;
TURNER, MJL ;
WATSON, MG ;
WILLINGALE, R .
NATURE, 1985, 317 (6034) :218-221