Do SMEs Consider Open Data as a Vital Intellectual Asset? a Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review evaluates the impact of global open data policies on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in different economic levels. Six case studies were analyzed to provide insights into the utilization of open data in the private sector. The review followed the PRISMA 2020 checklist and selected studies based on specific criteria, including high quality, strong methodology, and published by a valid publisher. The findings suggest that open data promotion can bring significant benefits to SMEs in terms of innovation, efficiency, and competitiveness. However, SMEs also face significant challenges in accessing and utilizing open data due to technical, legal, and cultural barriers. Therefore, practical aspects should be taken into account when implementing open data initiatives for SMEs. A framework is needed to measure the impact of open data policies on SMEs, and governments and policymakers should support open data initiatives in their countries, especially for SMEs whose valuable data can contribute to society's development. Using the GRADE approach, the certainty of evidence was rated as moderate according to limitations in study design and inconsistency across studies. Overall, this systematic literature review highlights the potential for open data policies to drive growth and development in small businesses while acknowledging the challenges that must be addressed for these policies to be effective. The review provides a guide for SMEs on measures to take prior to releasing their data and whether to release their data from an economic aspect. Moreover, this paper emphasizes the importance of practical aspects when implementing open data initiatives for SMEs and proposes a framework for measuring their impact. Finally, it highlights the need for government policies and support to facilitate SME adoption of open data initiatives.