Box-Behnken Design for Effective Adsorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II) Using Microwave-Assisted Synthesized Cu(II)/Cd(II) Imprinted Polymer in Celery Extract

Microwave-assisted ion imprinted polymer (MA-Cd/Cu-IIP) was prepared by inverse emulsion-suspension polymerization for the adsorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II) in celery extract. The adsorption properties of MA-Cd/Cu-IIP on residual Cd(II) and Cu(II) in celery extract were studied. The response surface method based on Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the experimental parameters including adsorption time, pH, temperature and initial concentration. When the concentration was 40 mg/L, pH value was 7, time was 40 min and temperature was 303 K, the adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and Cd(II) were 128.97 and 69.78 mg g(-1), respectively. The results of regression analysis showed that the smaller p-value and the larger F value meant the more significant fitting model. The accuracy and reliability of this model were validated by diagnostic plots for sorption. The Standardized Pareto charts were utilized to depict the impacts of four factors on the adsorption capacity. When the four factors interacted, the degree of influence on the adsorption capacity for Cu(II) and Cd(II) was in order: pH > concentration > time > temperature. 3D surface graphs showed simultaneous effects of pH value and concentration on the adsorption capacity for Cu(II) and Cd(II). The established BBD model could well predicate the adsorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II) by MA-Cd/Cu-IIP in celery extract. MA-Cd/Cu-IIP will be a promising material for effective adsorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II) in food sample.