Evaluation of Combined Serum C-Peptide and Glycated Hemoglobin in the Clinical Diagnosis of Diabetes

This study investigates the application effectiveness of combined serum C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin testing in the clinical diagnosis of diabetes. The research involved 80 diabetic patients treated at our hospital between January 2022 and January 2023, meeting the inclusion criteria. Additionally, 80 individuals undergoing health examinations during the same period constituted the healthy control group. Blood glucose indicators were measured in both groups, and complications were recorded. Serum C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin were individually and jointly tested, with an analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and other diagnostic indicators for diabetes. General participant data in the patient and healthy control groups were comparable (P > 0.05). In the patient group, C-peptide (C-PR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 h PBG) levels were higher than those in the control group, while glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were lower (P < 0.05). Those in the patient group with low C-PR levels and HbA1c levels >7.5% showed a higher incidence of complications (P < 0.05). The combined test of serum C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin in the patient group demonstrated higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to individual diagnostic tests (P < 0.05). The combined test proves to be effective in the clinical diagnosis of diabetes, offering elevated accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity compared to single-indicator testing. This approach bears substantial clinical significance.