Effects of Yijinjing combined with resistance training on body fat distribution and hepatic lipids in middle-aged and older people with prediabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial

Purpose: This randomized controlled trial aimed to study the effects of Yijinjing plus Elastic Band Resistance exercise on intrahepatic lipid (IHL), body fat distribution, glucolipid metabolism and biomarkers of inflammation in middle-aged and older people with pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM). Participants agesnd methods: 34 PDM participants (mean age, 62.62 & PLUSMN; 4.71 years; body mass index [BMI], 25.98 & PLUSMN; 2.44 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to the exercise group (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group performed moderate-intensity Yijinjing and Elastic Band Resistance training 5 times per week for 6 months. The control group maintained their previous lifestyle. We measured body composition (body weight and body fat distribution), IHL, plasma glucose, lipid and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), inflammatory cytokines at baseline and 6 months. Results: Compared with baseline, exercise significantly reduced IHL (reduction of 1.91 % & PLUSMN; 2.61 % vs an increase of 0.38 % & PLUSMN; 1.85 % for controls; P = 0.007), BMI (reduction of 1.38 & PLUSMN; 0.88 kg/m2 vs an increase of 0.24 & PLUSMN; 1.02 kg/m2 for controls; P = 0.001), upper limb fat mass, thigh fat mass and whole body fat mass. Fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, plasma total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were decreased in the exercise group (P < 0.05). There were no effects of exercise on liver enzyme levels and inflammatory cytokines. The decrease in IHL was positively correlated with the decreases in BMI, body fat mass and HOMA-IR. Conclusion: Six months of Yijinjing and resistance exercise significantly reduced hepatic lipids and body fat mass in middle-aged and older people with PDM. These effects were accompanied by weight loss, improved glycolipid metabolism and insulin resistance.