Diagnosis of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

ObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate the role of quantitative parameters derived from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in discriminating metastatic from nonmetastatic lymph nodes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsForty-two patients (34 males; mean age, 53.7 years) with HCC underwent unenhanced computed tomography scans and triple-phase DECT scans of the upper abdomen. A total of 72 suspected lymph nodes were resected, including 43 nonmetastatic and 29 metastatic lymph nodes. The maximum short-axis diameter of the lymph nodes, iodine concentration, normalized iodine concentration (NIC), and slope of the spectral curve were analyzed for the HCC primary lesions and the suspected lymph nodes. Lymph node metastasis was confirmed by pathologic examination.ResultsA maximum short-axis diameter of >10 mm had a sensitivity and a specificity of 75.9% (22/29) and 53.5% (23/43) in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes. The iodine concentration, NIC, and slope of the spectral curve of the nonmetastatic lymph nodes were significantly higher than those of the primary HCC lesions and the metastatic lymph nodes (all P < 0.05). Among all the analyzed spectral parameters, the NIC in the arterial phase had the highest sensitivity and specificity of 88.4% and 86.2% in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes.ConclusionsThe arterial phase NIC of DECT has superior diagnostic performance than the traditional lymph node size in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes in HCC.