Gluten Degradation by the Gut Microbiota of Ulcerative Colitis Patients

被引:1
作者
Harringer, Emma Olivia Schultz [1 ,2 ]
Durack, Juliana [1 ]
Piceno, Yvette [1 ]
Andersen, Vibeke [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Lynch, Susan V. V. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Hosp Southern Denmark, IRS Ctr Soenderjylland, Mol Diagnost & Clin Res Unit, DK-6200 Aabenraa, Denmark
[3] Univ Southern Denmark, Inst Reg Res, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
[4] Univ Southern Denmark, Inst Mol Med, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
关键词
ulcerative colitis; gluten sensitivity; gluten-degrading microbes; Bacillus; Enterococcus; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; CELIAC-DISEASE; PREVALENCE; BACTERIA; OCCLUDIN; BARRIER;
D O I
10.3390/microorganisms11010012
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Several studies have reported improved disease symptomatology in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients consuming a gluten free diet. This observation coupled with diversity depletion in the gut microbiota of UC patients led us to hypothesize that UC-associated enteric microbes differentially metabolize dietary gluten to produce immunogenic products that promote inflammation. Gluten concentration in stool was determined using gluten-specific ELISA, and gluten intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in UC (n = 12) and healthy controls (HC; n = 13). Gluten-metabolizing bacteria were isolated on minimal media supplemented with 1% gluten from UC and HC and identified by 16S rRNA profiling. Cell-free culture media from gluten metabolizing gut bacterial isolates was assessed for immunogenicity in vitro using HT29 colonocytes. Compared to HC, UC patients did not consume gluten differently (Mann-Whitney; p > 0.10) and exhibited equivalent levels of gluten in their feces (Mann-Whitney; p = 0.163). The profile of gluten-degrading bacteria isolated from UC stool was distinct (Chi-square; p <= 0.0001). Compared with Enterococcus isolates, products of gluten degradation by Bacillus strains induced higher IL8 and lower occludin (Mann-Whitney; p = 0.002 and p = 0.059, respectively) gene expression in colonocytes irrespective of whether they originated from UC or healthy gut. Members of HC and UC microbiota exhibit gluten-degrading ability, metabolites of which influence genes involved in inflammation and barrier function in enteric colonocyte cultures. Preliminary findings of this study warrant further investigations into the mechanisms by which gut microbiota contribute to UC pathogenesis through gluten degradation.
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页数:9
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