A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors and Thrombophilia Evaluation in Venous Thromboembolism

被引:15
|
作者
Dicks, Andrew B. [1 ]
Moussallem, Elie [1 ]
Stanbro, Marcus [1 ]
Walls, Jay [2 ]
Gandhi, Sagar [1 ]
Gray, Bruce H. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ South Carolina, Prisma Hlth, Dept Vasc Surg, Sch Med Greenville, Greenville, SC 29601 USA
[2] Univ South Carolina, Sch Med Greenville, Prisma Hlth, Dept Hematol, Greenville, SC 29601 USA
关键词
deep vein thrombosis; pulmonary embolism; venous thromboembolism; risk factors; thrombophilia; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; PROTEIN-C DEFICIENCY; COAGULATION-FACTOR-V; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; NATURAL ANTICOAGULANTS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS;
D O I
10.3390/jcm13020362
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which encompasses deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are many factors, both acquired and inherited, known to increase the risk of VTE. Most of these result in increased risk via several common mechanisms including circulatory stasis, endothelial damage, or increased hypercoagulability. Overall, a risk factor can be identified in the majority of patients with VTE; however, not all risk factors carry the same predictive value. It is important for clinicians to understand the potency of each individual risk factor when managing patients who have a VTE or are at risk of developing VTE. With this, many providers consider performing a thrombophilia evaluation to further define a patient's risk. However, guidance on who to test and when to test is controversial and not always clear. This comprehensive review attempts to address these aspects/concerns by providing an overview of the multifaceted risk factors associated with VTE as well as examining the role of performing a thrombophilia evaluation, including the indications and timing of performing such an evaluation.
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页数:20
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