Comparison Between Clinical Outcomes of Low- and High-Dose Paclitaxel Drug-Coated Balloon in Endovascular Therapy for Femoropopliteal Lesion

Purpose There is a little datum about the impact of paclitaxel dosage in patients undergoing drug-coated balloons (DCB) in endovascular therapy (EVT) for femoropopliteal lesions. In the current study, the authors sought to compare the clinical outcomes of low-dose (LD) and high-dose (HD) paclitaxel DCBs for patients undergoing EVT for femoropopliteal lesions in a real-world setting. Materials and methods The study population was derived from a multicenter registry named "Evaluation of clinical outcome after endovascular therapy for femoropopliteal artery disease in Kanagawa" (LANDMARK registry). This registry consists of patients from 5 hospitals in Kanagawa, Japan. Overall, 1,378 patients with 1,777 lesions received treatment between July 2017 and June 2020. Among these, DCB angioplasty was performed in 477 patients (516 lesions). Propensity score matching analysis was performed to compare the clinical outcomes of LD-DCB (Lutonix; Becton Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey) and HD-DCB (IN.PACT Admiral; Medtronic Vascular, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Results A total of 160 matched pairs of lesions were analyzed. Primary patency and freedom from target lesion revascularization at 2 years were similar between the two groups (LD-DCB vs. HD-DCB: 72% vs. 70%, p = 0.53; and 75% vs. 73%, p = 0.59, respectively). Conclusion No significant differences were found in the clinical outcomes between LD-DCB and HD-DCB angioplasty for femoropopliteal lesions.