Subtypes of prescription stimulant misuse among students: a nuanced story

被引:1
作者
De Bruyn, Sara [1 ,4 ]
Wouters, Edwin [1 ]
Ponnet, Koen [2 ]
Tholen, Robert [1 ]
Van Hal, Guido [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Antwerp, Dept Sociol, Antwerp, Belgium
[2] Univ Ghent, Dept Commun Sci, IMEC MICT, Ghent, Belgium
[3] Univ Antwerp, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med Social Epidemiol & Hlt, Antwerp, Belgium
[4] Univ Antwerp, Dept Sociol, Sint Jacobstr 2, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
基金
比利时弗兰德研究基金会;
关键词
Stimulant misuse; enhancement; context; motive; subtype; students; ADHD MEDICATION USE; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; NONMEDICAL USE; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; PREDICTORS; INTENTION; MOTIVES; ADULTS;
D O I
10.1080/03075079.2023.2215272
中图分类号
G40 [教育学];
学科分类号
040101 ; 120403 ;
摘要
Research on stimulant misuse among students has been rising. These medicines are generally prescribed to treat ADHD, but they are also used by students to enhance their academic performance. To date, qualitative research on the topic is limited, specifically in understanding the process of misuse, i.e. the motivations embedded in a particular academic and social context driving students' decision to use. The aim of this research was to develop subtypes by disentangling patterns in the process of stimulant misuse. We conducted a focus group (n = 5) and semi-structured interviews (n = 28) with Flemish university students who had misused stimulants during their academic career. We employed abductive analysis principles, in which we build on Conrad's medicalization and enhancement theory and Cox and Klinger's motivational model of alcohol use. Two dimensions were key in differentiating theoretically meaningful subtypes: (1) perception of academic need and (2) frequency of use. The normalization subtype indicates having concentration problems and structurally uses stimulants to deal with these problems; the rescue subtype is able to study without stimulants, but occasionally uses them to cope with academic demands and/or personal stressors; the experimental subtype does not have an academic need to use stimulants, but temporarily uses them out of curiosity; the performance subtype does not need the medication, but perceives it as a convenient tool to structurally facilitate academic life, e.g. to shorten the study process. Our study shows a nuanced story of students' stimulant misuse and helps inform the development of tailored preventive measures.
引用
收藏
页码:1781 / 1795
页数:15
相关论文
共 58 条
  • [1] Perceived harmfulness predicts nonmedical use of prescription drugs among college students: Interactions with sensation-seeking
    Arria, Amelia M.
    Caldeira, Kimberly M.
    Vincent, Kathryn B.
    O'Grady, Kevin E.
    Wish, Eric D.
    [J]. PREVENTION SCIENCE, 2008, 9 (03) : 191 - 201
  • [2] Nonmedical Prescription Stimulant Use Among College Students: Why We Need to Do Something and What We Need to Do
    Arria, Amelia M.
    DuPont, Robert L.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES, 2010, 29 (04) : 417 - 426
  • [3] Rethinking enhancement substance use: A critical discourse studies approach
    Askew, Rebecca
    Williams, Lisa
    [J]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY, 2021, 95
  • [4] A Mixed-Methods Approach Examining Illicit Prescription Stimulant Use: Findings From a Northern California University
    Bavarian, Niloofar
    McMullen, Jaimie
    Flay, Brian R.
    Kodama, Cathy
    Martin, Melissa
    Saltz, Robert F.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION, 2017, 38 (04) : 363 - 383
  • [5] BCFI vzw, 2012, MISBR METH FEN RAYN
  • [6] Is ADHD, Independent of ODD, Associated With Whether and Why College Students Misuse Stimulant Medication?
    Benson, Kari
    Woodlief, Darren T.
    Flory, Kate
    Siceloff, E. Rebekah
    Coleman, Kevin
    Lamont, Andrea
    [J]. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, 2018, 26 (05) : 476 - 487
  • [7] Misuse of Stimulant Medication Among College Students: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-analysis
    Benson, Kari
    Flory, Kate
    Humphreys, Kathryn L.
    Lee, Steve S.
    [J]. CLINICAL CHILD AND FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW, 2015, 18 (01) : 50 - 76
  • [8] Charmaz K., 2012, MED SOCIOLOGY ONLINE, V6, P2, DOI DOI 10.1002/9781405165518.WBEOSG070
  • [9] The shifting engines of medicalization
    Conrad, P
    [J]. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR, 2005, 46 (01) : 3 - 14
  • [10] From hyperactive children to ADHD adults: Observations on the expansion of medical categories
    Conrad, P
    Potter, D
    [J]. SOCIAL PROBLEMS, 2000, 47 (04) : 559 - 582