This research addresses the pressing need for advancements in dielectric liquid insulation, recognizing the challenges associated with conventional liquid insulation. Motivated by the imperative to enhance dielectric performance, the study focuses on vegetable oil nanofluids, specifically sunflower oil (SFO), soybean oil (SBO), and rice bran oil (RBO), blended with conductive calamine (ZnO+Fe2O3), insulative alumina (Al2O3), and semiconductive tenorite (CuO) nanoparticles at 0.025% and 0.1% volume particle concentrations. The existing challenges in traditional liquid insulation include issues related to sustainability, efficiency, and the demand for improved dielectric properties in contemporary electrical systems. This research aims to address these challenges through a systematic investigation into the physicochemical properties of nanofluids and a statistical study on partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) using normal and Weibull distributions. The outcomes of the study reveal that higher nanoparticle concentrations in nanofluids exhibit superior dielectric performance, with sunflower oil-based nanofluids enriched with calamine and tenorite nanoparticles surpassing those based on alumina. These findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationships between nanoparticle characteristics and vegetable oil properties but also offer practical insights into overcoming challenges associated with conventional liquid insulation. This research is essential in paving the way for sustainable advancements in electrical insulation technology, providing a foundation for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly dielectric liquid insulation.
