Development and Validation of the Social Ecological Resilience Scale (SERS) from a Systems Perspective for Hong Kong Families

This study examined the construct of resilience from a systems perspective and developed a new Social Ecological Resilience Scale measuring resilience in Hong Kong families. A total of 506 service users were recruited using convenience sampling. Exploratory Factor Analysis was used to uncover the factor structures, while Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to test the scale's internal reliability and validity. A 44-item scale with a six-factor structure comprising emotional flexibility, coping, self-kindness, common humanity, family support and social support was revealed. The implications for conceptualizing resilience from a broader socio-cultural perspective and developing interventions are discussed.