Combined effect of induced magnetic field and thermal radiation on ternary hybrid nanofluid flow through an inclined catheterized artery with multiple stenosis

The present article introduces a theoretical study of ternary hybrid nanoparticle (Cu-Ag-Au) on a two-dimensional blood flow through an inclined catheterized artery with multiple stenoses in the presence of wall slip. The combined effect of Non-linear thermal radiation and external induced magnetic field gives rise to innovative results in the current study. Further, the purpose of this study is to graphically observe the flow characteristics of tri-hybrid (Cu-Ag-Au), hybrid (Cu-Au), and single (Au) nanofluid flow through arteries with composite stenosis. This model involves tri-hybrid nanoparticles as part of the heat transfer process, as well as thermal radiation to further enhance the temperature rate. In the mathematical model, continuity, linear momentum, thermal energy, and Maxwell's equations are simplified under the assumption of mild stenosis. The homotopy perturbation method is used for finding the analytical solution of non-linear PDE. With the help of contours, the flow pattern is also presented. This study indicates that magnetic force significantly controls the flow velocity and the expansion of the magnetic field, whereas the increase of radiation parameter does the opposite. Moreover, magnetic force and radiative heat reduces the pressure gradient and temperature in the blood flow, respectively, as well as thermal slip enhances the temperature distribution. These graphical outcomes instigate that the tri-hybrid nanoparticles are more helpful in attenuating the hemodynamics factors (such as blood velocity and temperature) as compared to the hybrid and single nanoparticles.