Integrated approach for H2-Rich syngas production from wastes using carbon-based catalysts and subsequent CO2 adsorption by carbon-based adsorbents: A review

The shift towards sustainable energy systems has led to an exploration of hydrogen (H2) as a sustainable and ecofriendly fuel substitute. This article explores significant progress in carbon -based catalysts (CBCs) for H2 -rich syngas production from wastes via pyro-steam gasification, as well as the application of carbon -based adsorbents (CBAs) for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption to enhance H2 ratio in syngas. It also examines the efficacy of several catalysts supported on carbon materials (char and activated carbon). These catalysts include transition metals, noble metals, and alkali metals. Furthermore, the influence of operational parameters such as temperature, space velocity, steam -to -carbon ratio, feedstock composition, and catalyst particle size on H2 production and CBC performance is examined. It also evaluates CBC production techniques, including precipitation, impregnation, physical mixing, and adsorption, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of these procedures in order to develop effective catalysts. Furthermore, the review examines CBAs, particularly char and activated carbon, for their CO2 adsorption capacity and mechanisms, which include physisorption and chemisorption. A comparative analysis of activation methods for producing CBAs, such as physical and chemical activation, and their respective CO2 adsorption efficiencies are also presented. The article concludes with valuable recommendations and insights on optimizing gasification and catalyst design for H2 -rich syngas production and improving CO2 adsorption to promote integrated solutions for producing H2.