Skill-biased technological change;
Financial frictions;
Selection;
Self-employment;
Micro data across countries;
MICROFINANCE EVIDENCE;
MICROCREDIT EVIDENCE;
IMPACTS;
PRODUCTIVITY;
AGRICULTURE;
EMPLOYMENT;
D O I:
10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103046
中图分类号:
F [经济];
学科分类号:
02 ;
摘要:
Financial frictions adversely affect productivity by discouraging entrepreneurship, which is often measured by the self-employed. This paper distinguishes different types of self-employment when studying this question. Using micro data for 77 countries from all income levels, we show that employers' labor shares are increasing with GDP per capita, whereas own-account employment (self-employed without employees) is decreasing. We also find almost universally negative selection on education into own-account status relative to wage workers and positive selection into employers. To quantitatively match these facts, we introduce skill-biased technological change across countries in an occupational choice model with financial frictions. Our model predicts an average of 19% output gains in low-income countries from removing financial frictions. In contrast, an alternative model with skill-neutral technological change cannot match the high own-account employment share in low-income countries, thus overestimating the output gains by 13 percentage points.
机构:
CAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaCAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
Allub, Lian
Erosa, Andres
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机构:
Univ Carlos III Madrid, Calle Madrid 126, E-28903 Getafe, SpainCAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
机构:
World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USAWorld Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA
Beck, T
Demirgüç-Kunt, A
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA
Demirgüç-Kunt, A
Levine, R
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA
机构:
CAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaCAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
Allub, Lian
Erosa, Andres
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Carlos III Madrid, Calle Madrid 126, E-28903 Getafe, SpainCAF Dev Bank Latin Amer, Madero 900,Piso 14,Torres Catalinas Plaza,C1106, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
机构:
World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USAWorld Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA
Beck, T
Demirgüç-Kunt, A
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA
Demirgüç-Kunt, A
Levine, R
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:World Bank, Financial Sector Policy & Strategy Grp, Washington, DC 20433 USA