Anesthetic management of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma for patients with Fontan circulation: a case series

BackgroundAnesthetic management of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma with Fontan circulation is challenging for physicians, with attention to cardiovascular physiology.Case presentationWe performed anesthetic management for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in three patients with Fontan circulation. We maintained intraoperative central venous pressure at preoperative level under fluid infusion and administrating nitric oxide to decrease pulmonary arterial resistance. We administered noradrenaline or vasopressin if low blood pressure was present despite adequate central venous pressure. Although noradrenaline is prevalent for the case of noradrenaline-secreting tumor especially after resection, we could maintain blood pressure to administrate vasopressin without increasing central venous pressure. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic approach which could avoid intra-abdominal adhesions might be selectable as case 3.ConclusionsSophisticated management is required for pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma with Fontan circulation.