Sustainable Evaluation of Major Third-Party Logistics Providers: A Framework of an MCDM-Based Entropy Objective Weighting Method

This study aims to efficiently assist decision makers in evaluating global third-party logistics (3PL) providers from the perspectives of economic, social, and environmental sustainability and explore the determinants of the 3PL providers' performance. In doing so, an integrated framework for an MCDM-based entropy objective weighting method is proposed for the first time in a logistics industry assessment. In the first stage, the entropy method defines the weight of the decision criteria based on real data collected from the top 15 global 3PL providers. This study lists the prominent quantitative evaluation criteria, taking into consideration the sustainability perspective. The advantage of the entropy method is that it reduces the subjective impact of decision makers and increases objectivity. In the second stage, the measurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) method is used to rank the 3PL providers according to their performance on the basis of these criteria. Sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis are implemented to validate the results. The current research work is devoted to the emerging research topic of sustainable development in the logistics industry and supply chain management. The proposed model identifies key performance indicators in the logistics industry and determines the most efficient 3PL providers. Consequently, the results show that the carbon dioxide emissions (20.50%) factor is the most important criterion for the competitiveness of global logistics companies. The results of this study can help inefficient 3PL providers make strategic decisions to improve their performance. However, this study only focuses on 15 companies due to a lack of data. The integration of these two techniques provides a novel way to evaluate global 3PL providers which has not been addressed in the logistics industry to date and as such remains a gap that needs to be investigated.