Flipped Voltage Follower-Based Voltage Conveyors: Investigation and Possible Enhancements

Second-generation voltage conveyor structures, based on the employment of flipped voltage follower stages, are investigated and proposed in this work. The proposed core has the feature of offering extremely low or electronically adjustable input resistance and programmable outputs, enhancing the achieved design flexibility and versatility of this active cell. Two design examples are presented in this work, including a multi-phase sinusoidal oscillator topology and an electronically adjustable first-order low-pass filter, both supported by simulation and experimental results.