Sorption of Pentachlorophenol from Aqueous Solution by Acid Activated Bentonite: A comparative study

Batch measurements were conducted to assess the adsorption performance of raw and acid-activated bentonite with various operating conditions, including pH (3-11), initial PCP concentration (30-1000 mg/l), contact time (10-180 min), and temperature (25-65 & DEG;C). Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the structure and morphology of bentonite. The adsorption isotherms in the system were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The system's thermodynamic characteristics were also examined; including Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the adsorption processes. According to the thermodynamic analysis, the adsorption is exothermic. The kinetic of adsorption is best described by a pseudo-second-order expression than a first order model. The experiment results are compatible with the Freundlich equation