Long-Term Urban and Population Trends in the Southern Mesopotamian Floodplains

被引:4
作者
Marchetti, Nicolo [1 ]
Bortolini, Eugenio [2 ,3 ]
Sartorio, Jessica Cristina Menghi [4 ]
Orru, Valentina [1 ]
Zaina, Federico [5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bologna, Dept Hist & Cultures, Piazza San Giovanni Monte 2, I-40124 Bologna, Italy
[2] CSIC, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Human Ecol & Archaeol HUMANE, Inst Mila & Fontanals Invest Humanidades, C Egipciaques 15, Barcelona 08001, Spain
[3] Univ Bologna, Dept Cultural Heritage, Via degli Ariani 1, I-48100 Ravenna, Italy
[4] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Enterprise Engn Mario Lucertini, Via Politecn 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[5] Fdn Museo Antich Egizie, Via Acad 6, I-10123 Turin, Italy
关键词
Mesopotamia; Settlement patterns; Urbanization; Climate; Aoristic analysis; Demography; HOLOCENE CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-COVER; NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA; RADIOCARBON-DATES; MILLENNIUM BC; SETTLEMENT; ARCHAEOLOGY; PATTERNS; DEMOGRAPHY; LANDSCAPE;
D O I
10.1007/s10814-024-09197-3
中图分类号
Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
030303 ;
摘要
The processes of long-term urbanization in southern Mesopotamia are still insufficiently investigated, even though recent studies using large datasets and focusing on neighboring regions have paved the way to understanding the critical role of multiple variables in the shaping of settlement strategies by ancient human societies, among which climate change played an important role. In this paper, we tackle these issues by analyzing, within the new FloodPlains Web GIS project, a conspicuous amount of archaeological evidence collected over the past decades at approximately 5000 sites in southern Mesopotamia. We have measured modifications over time in a variety of demographic proxies generated through probabilistic approaches: our results show that the rapid climate changes, especially those that occurred around 5.2, 4.2, and 3.2 ka BP, may have contributed-in addition to other socioeconomic factors-to triggering the main urban and demographic cycles in southern Mesopotamia and that each cycle is characterized by specific settlement strategies in terms of the distribution and the dimension of the urban centers.
引用
收藏
页码:117 / 158
页数:42
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