In order to solve the design problem of electric vehicle charging station distribution, based on the consideration of user and investor costs, this paper establishes a mixed integer model for charging station site selection based on game theory ideas. Among them, the user cost is determined by two indicators, namely, the cost of time for users to reach the charging station and the cost of time for users to wait in line, while the cost of the charging station is determined by the construction cost and the daily operation and maintenance cost. In the established model, the hierarchical analysis is used to minimize the combined cost of users and charging stations as the objective. In addition, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is designed to solve the model. The improved algorithm adds a neighborhood search method and a feasible decoding scheme to the honey bee harvesting and tracking process, thus solving the problems of low search accuracy, poor convergence, and inability to directly calculate the mixed integer model of the original algorithm. Simulation results show that the improved artificial bee colony algorithm can effectively solve the mixed integer model and has higher search accuracy and convergence speed compared with the traditional method. By applying the algorithm to solve the siting model, the location and number of charging stations can be clearly planned, thus improving charging efficiency and reliability.
