Biodegradable sponges based on starch, hyaluronic acid, and poly-L-lysine as potent hemostatic agents

Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a major cause of death in surgical operations; therefore, controlling hemorrhage is a key factor in preserving life. In this study, we investigated the hemostatic efficacy of materials based on starch (ST), hyaluronic acid (HA), and poly-L-lysine (PLL) in vitro and in vivo. FTIR results showed a combination of ST, HA, and PLL. The contact angles of the samples were hydrophilic. ST-HA-PLL samples were found to have the highest rate (590%) and the lowest hemoglobin-binding efficacy among all the tested samples. The fastest hemostasis was enabled by ST-HA-PLL in vivo. The histological results indicated that the manufactured samples were cyto-and biocompatible. Therefore, we suggest that the manufactured samples have better hemostatic capacity than commercial products. Furthermore, ST-HA-PLL was found to be the best hemostatic material among the manufactured samples. [GRAPHICS] .