Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antileishmanial activity of Tavernier glabra mediated ZnO NPs and Fe2O3 NPs

Tavernier glabra is a local medicinal plant used as folk medicine. In Current study, Fe2O3 and ZnO Nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by iron and zinc metal reductions by using biogenic methods from an aqueous extract of T. glabra. The Fe2O3 NPs and ZnO NPs were characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy -dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The biosynthesis of Fe2O3 NPs and ZnO NPs were further confirmed by the surface plasmon resonance peak at 368 and 288 nm respectively in the UV/Visible spectrum. Fourier transform infrared also proven the biomolecules acting as capping agents on Fe2O3NPs and ZnO NPs in the range of 400-4000 cm-1.The synthesized nanoparticles have a good antimicrobial activity against five fungal strains (A. niger, A. flavus, C. albicans, C. glabrata, M. canis) and five bacterial strains including two Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) and three Gram-negative (E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. flexneri) bacteria. The antioxidant effects of ZnO NPs and Fe2O3 NPs, were confirmed by DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radicals. The ZnO NPs and Fe2O3 NPs had prominent scavenging effects against DPPH, ABTS and superoxide anion radicals with IC50 values of 68.02 +/- 0.03 and 74.02 +/- 0.16 mu g/mL, 32.07 +/- 0.21 and38.12 +/- 0.03, 64.02 +/- 0.0.04 and 78.01 +/- 0.07 respectively, as compare to standard. The ZnO NPs and Fe2O3 NPs exhibited strong antileishmanial activities with IC50 = 76.3 +/- 2.08 and 90.4 +/- 1.031, but comparatively, have low activities than the antileishmanial drug miltefosine (8.21 +/- 0.07) against Leishmanial promastigotes.