Perceptions and Behavioral Patterns of Asian Indian Adolescents Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has a significant impact on the well-being and behavioral pattern of affected adolescents, and can lead to affective disorders including depression and anxiety. An emphasis on cognitive and behavioral patterns is necessary to aid the stress and emotions associated with the diagnosis of T1D and is an essential part of optimum care. Aim: This study aims to assess the perceptions and behavioral patterns of Asian Indian adolescents diagnosed with T1D. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one adolescents with T1D (between the ages of 10 and 19 years) with a duration of diabetes up to 24 months were identified from the electronic medical records of a large chain of diabetes centers in India. Telephonic interviews were conducted to fill out questionnaires regarding dietary habits, insulin treatment, and physical activity of participants. Results: The majority (81%) of the adolescents interviewed were adapted to their condition. Most received support from their peers and teachers at school (57%), but 85% continued to have cravings for foods that were restricted from their diet. Almost half (42.9%) of participants and their parents experienced high levels of stress during the initial stages of diagnosis. Most (80%) of them were engaged in physical activities such as jogging, walking, dancing, yoga, and cycling. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that by providing psychological support to adolescents with T1D, it is possible to overcome the stress that accompanies the diagnosis and adaptation to lifestyle changes.