THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND pH IN THE SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING ARECA CATECHU L. SEED EXTRACT AS BIOREDUCTOR

Silver nanoparticles are prepared using natural bioreductors such as Areca catechu ethanol extract, which is rich in phenolic content. This study aims to optimize the temperature and pH conditions for synthesizing silver nanoparticles using the response surface methodology (RSM) -central composite design (CCD) method. The phenolic content of the Areca catechu ethanol extract was 111.14 +/- 3.41 mg CE/g extract. Temperature and pH conditions significantly affect maximum wavelength and absorbance values. The optimum condition was obtained at a temperature of 30oC and a pH of 10.5. Silver nanoparticles at optimum conditions had a wavelength of 423 nm, absorbance was 1.148, particle size was 161.7 +/- 46.1 nm, PDI was 0.286 +/- 0.035, and zeta potential was -16.1 +/- 3.7 mV. The stability of silver nanoparticles at the optimum conditions produced is relatively stable, characterized by no significant changes in organoleptic, pH, and wavelength, but the absorbance value has increased. The resulting silver nanoparticles have good characteristics and good stability.