Sickle Cell Disease Update: New Treatments and Challenging Nutritional Interventions

被引:9
作者
Bell, Victoria [1 ]
Varzakas, Theodoros [2 ]
Psaltopoulou, Theodora [3 ]
Fernandes, Tito [4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Coimbra, Fac Pharm, Polo Ciencias Saude, P-3000548 Coimbra, Portugal
[2] Univ Peloponnese, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Kalamata 24100, Greece
[3] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Med Sch, Athens 11527, Greece
[4] Univ Lisbon, Fac Vet Med, CIISA, P-1649004 Lisbon, Portugal
[5] Lurio Univ, Nampula 3100, Mozambique
基金
英国科研创新办公室;
关键词
sickle cell; hemoglobin; anemia; microbiota; nutrition; vaso-occlusive crisis; HEMATOLOGY; 2020; GUIDELINES; AMERICAN SOCIETY; MOUSE MODELS; EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; HOST GENETICS; ANEMIA; CHILDREN; MICROBIOTA; SUPPLEMENTATION; GENOME;
D O I
10.3390/nu16020258
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Sickle cell disease (SCD), a distinctive and often overlooked illness in the 21st century, is a congenital blood disorder characterized by considerable phenotypic diversity. It comprises a group of disorders, with sickle cell anemia (SCA) being the most prevalent and serious genotype. Although there have been some systematic reviews of global data, worldwide statistics regarding SCD prevalence, morbidity, and mortality remain scarce. In developed countries with a lower number of sickle cell patients, cutting-edge technologies have led to the development of new treatments. However, in developing settings where sickle cell disease (SCD) is more prevalent, medical management, rather than a cure, still relies on the use of hydroxyurea, blood transfusions, and analgesics. This is a disease that affects red blood cells, consequently affecting most organs in diverse manners. We discuss its etiology and the advent of new technologies, but the aim of this study is to understand the various types of nutrition-related studies involving individuals suffering from SCD, particularly in Africa. The interplay of the environment, food, gut microbiota, along with their respective genomes collectively known as the gut microbiome, and host metabolism is responsible for mediating host metabolic phenotypes and modulating gut microbiota. In addition, it serves the purpose of providing essential nutrients. Moreover, it engages in direct interactions with host homeostasis and the immune system, as well as indirect interactions via metabolites. Nutrition interventions and nutritional care are mechanisms for addressing increased nutrient expenditures and are important aspects of supportive management for patients with SCD. Underprivileged areas in Sub-Saharan Africa should be accompanied by efforts to define and promote of the nutritional aspects of SCD. Their importance is key to maintaining well-being and quality of life, especially because new technologies and products remain limited, while the use of native medicinal plant resources is acknowledged.
引用
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页数:23
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