A model of industry 4.0 and a circular economy for green logistics and a sustainable supply chain

The objective of this study was to investigate a hybrid framework for Industry 4.0 and a circular economy for logistics and supply chains with an environmentally-friendly and sustainable basis. Data were collected from universities, companies, and civil service departments. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was applied to evaluate and validate hypotheses. Key findings comprise (a) confirmation of a predominant direct relationship between Industry 4.0 and adopting a circular economy for green logistics and a sustainable supply chain, which stimulates strategic change; and (b) deliberation about current strategic awareness and operations occurs, giving rise to the promulgation and implementation of state authority policies, and advancements in modern logistics and supply chain programs at universities. Since the analysis concentrated on logistical and supply chain matters, investigation of other variables would be required for other industrial activities such as manufacturing.