Description of Takotsubo syndrome in a cohort undergoing coronary arteriography

Background: Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is characterized by a self-resolving state of acute left ventricular failure associated with physical and/or emotional factors. The incidence of TS in patients undergoing coronary arteriography is variable, and the disease frequency is not known in our region. Objective: Describe the demographic, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics of a cohort of patients with and without a diagnosis of TS who underwent coronary catheterization. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a population older than 18 years of age, regardless of gender, with clinical symptoms of dyspnea and chest pain undergoing coronary arteriography. The diagnostic criteria proposed by the Mayo Clinic were used, where there must be one confirmatory and three exclusion criteria for the diagnosis. Results: A total of 311 patients were included, of which 1.9% (6/311) had a diagnosis of TS and 56.6% (176/311) were men. The triggering factors related to the onset of symptoms that led to the diagnostic suspicion of TS were unknown in 77.8% (242/311). Chest pain occurred in 83.9% of the population. Conclusion: The incidence of TS in patients undergoing coronary catheterization is low, whose main trigger was of unknown origin. Multicenter studies are required for further extrapolation of results.