From Cell to Symptoms: The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Cytopathic Effects in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and Long COVID

被引:12
作者
Gonzalez-Garcia, Pablo [1 ]
Moreno, Ornella Fiorillo [2 ,3 ]
Penata, Eloina Zarate [3 ]
Calderon-Villalba, Alejandro [4 ]
Lugo, Lisandro Pacheco [3 ]
Hoyos, Antonio Acosta [3 ]
Camacho, Jose Luis Villarreal [5 ]
Quiroz, Roberto Navarro [6 ]
Londono, Leonardo Pacheco [3 ]
Martinez, Gustavo Aroca [3 ,7 ]
Moares, Noelia [8 ]
Gabucio, Antonio [8 ]
Fernandez-Ponce, Cecilia [1 ,8 ]
Garcia-Cozar, Francisco [1 ,8 ]
Quiroz, Elkin Navarro [3 ]
机构
[1] Inst Biomed Res Cadiz INIBICA, Cadiz 11009, Spain
[2] Clin Iberoamer, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
[3] Univ Simon Bolivar, Life Sci Res Ctr, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
[4] Pablo Olavide Univ, Dept Nutr & Bromatol, Seville 41013, Spain
[5] Univ Libre, Sch Med, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
[6] Mol Biol Inst Barcelona, Spanish Natl Res Council, Dept Struct & Mol Biol, Barcelona 08028, Spain
[7] Univ Norte, Sch Med, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
[8] Univ Cadiz, Fac Med, Dept Biomed Biotechnol & Publ Hlth, Cadiz 11003, Spain
关键词
COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; long COVID; cytopathy; cytokine storm; sequelae; PASC; coronavirus; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; cell dysfunction; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; GOLGI-APPARATUS; PROTEIN; RECEPTOR; REVEALS; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; ORGANIZATION; CORONAVIRUS;
D O I
10.3390/ijms24098290
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection triggers various events from molecular to tissue level, which in turn is given by the intrinsic characteristics of each patient. Given the molecular diversity characteristic of each cellular phenotype, the possible cytopathic, tissue and clinical effects are difficult to predict, which determines the heterogeneity of COVID-19 symptoms. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2 on various cell types, focusing on the development of COVID-19, which in turn may lead, in some patients, to a persistence of symptoms after recovery from the disease, a condition known as long COVID. We describe the molecular mechanisms underlying virus-host interactions, including alterations in protein expression, intracellular signaling pathways, and immune responses. In particular, the article highlights the potential impact of these cytopathies on cellular function and clinical outcomes, such as immune dysregulation, neuropsychiatric disorders, and organ damage. The article concludes by discussing future directions for research and implications for the management and treatment of COVID-19 and long COVID.
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页数:32
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