Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Density Functional Theory Investigation and Molecular Docking Studies of Formohydrazide-Based Hydrazones as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

A new series of hydrazones have been synthesized by the condensation of substituted aromatic aldehydes and formohydrazide with equal mol ratio. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, H-1-NMR, and C-13-NMR spectral techniques. The quantum chemical computations were done using the DFT method with a B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. The calculated bond parameters such as bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles were determined using the same level of theory. The NLO properties of compound (1 a) were determined using a first-order hyperpolarizability calculation (beta(0)=1.73605x10-30 esu). In Homo-Lumo analysis, the smaller energy gap value of compound 1 a was calculated at 3.52723 eV. Moreover, the Mullikan atomic charges were also calculated and studied in detail. Bromo-substituted compounds (1 a) and ethyl-substituted (1 c) compounds show excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity against the corresponding strains. The target compound is shown to be an effective inhibitor. The amide group in the LYS389 interacts with the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group at a distance of 2.5 angstrom. The co-crystallized ligand also docked well and it shows better interactions.