Self-sensing cement composites for structural health monitoring: From know-how to do-how

Self -sensing cement composites are widely used to monitor structural performance by measuring its electrical resistivity/conductivity. Hence, this study examines the choice of nano/functional materials and manufacturing techniques with mechanical and electrical properties of self -sensing cement composite. The significant developments and pertinent difficulties in the implementation of self -sensing cement composites in structural components are also investigated. The findings explored that matrix with higher strength has greater capacity for self -stress sensing than one with lower strength. Particulate materials show less influence in reducing resistivity than fibrous materials. The electrical resistivity is directly proportional to the curing period and inversely proportional to the temperature and humidity. The self -sensing cement composite can automatically detect structural deformations without manual intervention. The review concludes that, although more research and development for self -sensing cement composites in field applications is required, with standardized procedures and regulations, they show considerable potential to revolutionize the construction industry in the future.