Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of the Mandible in a 66 Year-Old Woman

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a rare benign vascular non-neoplastic lesion that is characterized by papillary proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. Masson first described this lesion in 1923, and since then, it has been named Masson's tumor, intravascular angiomatosis, Masson's lesion, Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma, Masson's hemangioma, and vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma. The term IPEH is currently the most illustrative and the most frequently used in the literature. This lesion seems to occur in any blood vessel in the body, but it is more likely to be observed in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck region, fingers, and trunk. Mandibular involvement is rare. IPEH's etiology remains unknown. Histopathological examination reveals a reactive proliferation of endothelial cells organized in minor papillary assemblies with hypocellular and hyalinized centers and arising from an organized thrombus. The appropriate treatment for IPEH is the excision with healthy margins; prognosis is good, with rare recurrences that may occur when the lesion is incompletely excised. The aim of the present article is to report and discuss the clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and therapeutic issues of a case of IPEH of the mandible in a 66-year-old woman.