Estimation of land surface temperature from Landsat-8 OLI: comparative analysis of two periods for Duzce in Turkey

In this study, using Landsat 8 OLI satellite images, Duzce province 2013 and 2021 land surface temperature data were calculated and it was aimed to determine land surface temperature values according to land-use classes. In addition, correlations were examined according to six different vegetation indexes. In the areal distribution of land surface temperature data, it was determined that 59.7% of the entire area was distributed between 25 and 30 degrees C in 2013, and 53.3% between 20 and 25 degrees C in 2021. The normalized difference vegetation index, which is used extensively, especially in studies related to vegetation, has the highest average values of broad-leaved forest areas in both periods. In the relations between land surface temperature values and vegetation indexes, a positive correlation with normalized difference built-up index and a negative correlation with other vegetation indexes were found. Correlation values between land surface temperature and vegetation indexes in 2021 were higher than in 2013. The highest correlation values were obtained in the normalized difference built-up index in 2013 and 2021 with correlation values of 0.62 (R-2: 0.39) and 0.73 (R-2: 0.54), respectively. While a correlation of 0.68 (R-2: 0.46) was found with the NDVI index in 2021, a correlation of 0.55 (R-2: 0.30) was obtained in 2013. The lowest correlation was found in the renormalized difference vegetation index with ratios of 0.66 (R-2: 0.44) in 2021 and 0.47 (R-2: 0.22) in 2013. In addition, significant and positive spatial autocorrelations were obtained according to Moran I and LISA statistical analysis in both years. Moran's I values were found to be 0.607 (p < 0.05) in 2013 and 0.791 (p < 0.05) in 2021, and it was determined that there were significant clusters according to LISA. Understanding the effects of the spatial distribution of Land use-land change and its variation over time on the land surface temperature can be incorporated into environmental health and sustainable urban planning and contribute to planners.