Pyrazole scaffold-based derivatives: A glimpse of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, SAR, and route of synthesis

The alpha-glucosidase is a validated target to develop drugs for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. The existing alpha-glucosidase inhibitors have certain shortcomings related to side effects and route of synthesis. Accordingly, it is inevitable to develop new chemical templates as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Pyrazole derivatives have a special place in medicinal chemistry because of various biological activities. Recently, pyrazole-based heterocyclic compounds have emerged as a promising scaffold to develop alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. This study focuses on the recently reported pyrazole-based alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, including their biological activity (in vivo, in vitro, and in silico), structure-activity relationship, and ways of synthesis. The literature revealed the development of several promising pyrazole-based alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and new synthetic routes for their preparation. The encouraging alpha-glucosidase inhibitory results of the pyrazole-based heterocyclic compounds make them an attractive target for further research. The authors also foresee the arrival of the pyrazole-based alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in clinical practice.