Bioenergy with carbon capture, storage and utilization: Potential technologies to mitigate climate change

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is gaining attention as an energy source and the most effective path to achieve negative CO2 emissions by photosynthesis and capturing CO2. However, BECCS has certain challenges and limitation which needs to be addressed to make the technology feasible. Concerns about food security, land, water use, and the possibility of large-scale implementation are critical in commercialization. As an emerging field, BECCS will need dynamic research and development over the next few decades, as well as strong policy backing, to clinch that it can be implemented on time for fulfilling the Paris agreement targets. The goal of this critical review is to find the impending obstacles that BECCS is facing, as well as the approaches to overcome them, while also emphasizing the advances in the field over the last decade. Detailed technology assessment is provided for a better understanding.