Holographic Fabrication of 3D Moire Photonic Crystals Using Circularly Polarized Laser Beams and a Spatial Light Modulator

被引:4
|
作者
Hurley, Noah [1 ]
Kamau, Steve [1 ]
Cui, Jingbiao [1 ]
Lin, Yuankun [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ North Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA
[2] Univ North Texas, Dept Elect Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
micro-; nanofabrication; holographic lithography; interference lithography; laser fabrication; nanostructures; photonic crystal; spatial light modulator-based lithography; LATTICE; MICROSTRUCTURES; DELOCALIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; INTERFERENCE; LOCALIZATION;
D O I
10.3390/mi14061217
中图分类号
O65 [分析化学];
学科分类号
070302 ; 081704 ;
摘要
A moire photonic crystal is an optical analog of twisted graphene. A 3D moire photonic crystal is a new nano-/microstructure that is distinguished from bilayer twisted photonic crystals. Holographic fabrication of a 3D moire photonic crystal is very difficult due to the coexistence of the bright and dark regions, where the exposure threshold is suitable for one region but not for the other. In this paper, we study the holographic fabrication of 3D moire photonic crystals using an integrated system of a single reflective optical element (ROE) and a spatial light modulator (SLM) where nine beams (four inner beams + four outer beams + central beam) are overlapped. By modifying the phase and amplitude of the interfering beams, the interference patterns of 3D moire photonic crystals are systemically simulated and compared with the holographic structures to gain a comprehensive understanding of SLM-based holographic fabrication. We report the holographic fabrication of phase and beam intensity ratio-dependent 3D moire photonic crystals and their structural characterization. Superlattices modulated in the z-direction of 3D moire photonic crystals have been discovered. This comprehensive study provides guidance for future pixel-by-pixel phase engineering in SLM for complex holographic structures.
引用
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页数:11
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