Configuration optimization of energy storage and economic improvement for household photovoltaic system considering multiple scenarios

Household photovoltaic (PV) is booming in China. In 2021, household PV contributed 21.6 GW of new installed capacity, accounting for 73.8 % of the new installed capacity of distributed PV. However, due to the randomness and intermittency of PV power generation, large-scale household PV grid connection has a serious impact on the safe and stable operation of the distribution network. Based on this background, this paper considers different application scenarios of household PV, and constructs the optimization model of energy storage configuration of household PV with the annual net profit as the optimization goal. Taking a natural village in China as an example, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the optimal energy storage ca-pacity, power and typical daily energy storage output. According to the optimization results, the operation effects and economic benefit indicators of the household PV system and the household PV storage system in different scenarios are compared and analyzed. The results show that the configuration of energy storage for household PV can significantly reduce PV grid-connected power, improve the local consumption of PV power, promote the safe and stable operation of the power grid, reduce carbon emissions, and achieve appreciable economic benefits. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to further promote the development of household PV storage system. The research results can provide reference for promoting the sustainable development of household PV, ensuring the smooth implementation of distributed PV development pilot project in China, and accelerating the appli-cation of household PV storage system.