Bat cellular immunity varies by year and dietary habit amidst land conversion

被引：0

作者：

Deanglis, Isabella K. ^{[1
,2
,8
]}

Andrews, Benjamin R. ^{[1
]}

Lock, Lauren R. ^{[3
]}

Dyer, Kristin E. ^{[3
]}

Yang, Anni ^{[4
]}

Volokhov, Dmitriy V. ^{[5
]}

Fenton, M. Brock ^{[6
]}

Simmons, Nancy B. ^{[7
]}

Downs, Cynthia J. ^{[1
]}

Becker, Daniel J. ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] SUNY, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Biol, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA

[2] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, 1 Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA

[3] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Biol Sci, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019 USA

[4] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, 100 East Boyd St, Norman, OK 73019 USA

[5] FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA

[6] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada

[7] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mammal, Div Vertebrate Zool, 200 Cent Pk West, New York, NY 10024 USA

[8] SCEN 612,1 Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA

来源：

CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY | 2024年 / 12卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

bacterial pathogens; cellular immunity; Chiroptera; ecoimmunology; land conversion; COMMON VAMPIRE BAT; DESMODUS-ROTUNDUS; STURNIRA-LILIUM; HUASTECA REGION; FRAGMENTATION; RESPONSES; COMMUNITIES; CHIROPTERA; MYCOPLASMAS; IMMUNOLOGY;

D O I：

10.1093/conphys/coad102

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Understanding how land conversion affects immunity against pathogens in wildlife can inform conservation decisions and our understanding of pathogen dynamics in host communities. We found evidence that Neotropical bats invested differently in cellular immunity over years of land conversion, suggesting that investment in immune defenses varies by species and diet. Monitoring the health of wildlife populations is essential in the face of increased agricultural expansion and forest fragmentation. Loss of habitat and habitat degradation can negatively affect an animal's physiological state, possibly resulting in immunosuppression and increased morbidity or mortality. We sought to determine how land conversion may differentially impact cellular immunity and infection risk in Neotropical bats species regularly infected with bloodborne pathogens, and to evaluate how effects may vary over time and by dietary habit. We studied common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus), northern yellow-shouldered bats (Sturnira parvidens) and Mesoamerican mustached bats (Pteronotus mesoamericanus), representing the dietary habits of sanguivory, frugivory and insectivory respectively, in northern Belize. We compared estimated total white blood cell count, leukocyte differentials, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and infection status with two bloodborne bacterial pathogens (Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas) of 118 bats captured in a broadleaf, secondary forest over three years (2017-2019). During this period, tree cover decreased by 14.5% while rangeland expanded by 14.3%, indicating increasing habitat loss and fragmentation. We found evidence for bat species-specific responses of cellular immunity between years, with neutrophil counts significantly decreasing in S. parvidens from 2017 to 2018, but marginally increasing in D. rotundus. However, the odds of infection with Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas between 2017 and 2019 did not differ between bat species, contrary to our prediction that pathogen prevalence may increase with land conversion. We conclude that each bat species invested differently in cellular immunity in ways that changed over years of increasing habitat loss and fragmentation. We recommend further research on the interactions between land conversion, immunity and infection across dietary habits of Neotropical bats for informed management and conservation.

引用

页数：14