Acoustothermal dynamic characteristics of water-based copper nanofluids on a vibrating nanosurface

The high-frequency vibration is a potential method to induce evaporation and boiling of nanofilm by acoustothermal effect. Here, we investigate the acoustothermal dynamic characteristics of water-based copper nanofluids on a vibrating nanosurface using molecular dynamics simulation. Regimes of the evaporation, nucleate boiling and film boiling can be classified at different amplitudes (A) and frequencies (f). Under the same vibration condition, the introduction of the nanoparticle is conducive to the evaporation and boiling outcome, which becomes superior with the increase of the nanoparticle diameter. Change rules of acoustothermal atomization modes depend on A and f, which are similar for basefluid and nanofluids. There is a negative linear relationship between the nonevaporating layer height and Af3/2 when Af3/2 is smaller than the turning point. Underlying reasons for the enhancement of the evaporation and boiling by adding the nanoparticle rest with the irregular Brownian motion and spinning motion of the nanoparticle, which intensifies disturbance in the water nanofilm. Moreover, a layer of water molecules is absorbed around the nanoparticle to ameliorate heat transfer and thus facilitates the evaporation and boiling of the water nanofilm on a vibrating nanosurface.