Dynamically Tunable Subambient Daytime Radiative Cooling Metafabric with Janus Wettability

Incorporating zero-energy-input cooling technology into personal thermal management (PTM) systems is a promising solution for preventing heat-related illnesses while reducing energy consumption. Although concepts for passive radiative cooling materials are proposed, achieving subambient cooling performance while providing good wearing comfort remains a challenge. Here, a moisture-wicking nonwoven metafabric is reported that assembles radiative cooling and evaporative heat dissipation to achieve high-performance thermal and moisture comfort management. This metafabric demonstrates excellent spectral-selectivity (sunlight reflection of approximate to 92%, atmospheric window thermal emissivity of approximate to 97%) and Janus wettability through large-scale electrospinning and hierarchical design, and also inherits superior elasticity, air/moisture permeability of nonwoven fabric. Subambient temperature drops of approximate to 6.5 degrees C (approximate to 750 W m(-2) solar intensity) for stand-alone metafabric are observed. Thanks to the moisture-wicking effect (water evaporation rate of 0.31 g h(-1) and water transport index of 1220%) of metafabric that enables fast evaporation of sweat, a maximum generation of 1 mL h(-1) of sweat can cool the skin, thus reducing the excessive sweating risk after intense exercise. Additionally, the cooling performance of metafabric can be regulated by applying various strains (0-100%). The cost-efficiency and good wearability of metafabric provide an innovative way to sustainable energy, smart textiles, and thermal wet comfort applications.