I'll be there for you? Effects of Islamophobic online hate speech and counter speech on Muslim in-group bystanders' intention to intervene

被引：29

作者：

Obermaier, Magdalena ^{[1
]}

Schmuck, Desiree ^{[2
]}

Saleem, Muniba ^{[3
]}

机构：

[1] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Dept Media & Commun, D-80538 Munich, Germany

[2] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven Sch Mass Commun Res, Leuven, Belgium

[3] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

来源：

NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY | 2023年 / 25卷 / 09期

关键词：

In-group bystander intervention; Islamophobic online hate speech; online bystander intervention; online counter speech; online hate speech; social identity; SOCIAL IDENTITY THREATS; GROUP MEMBERSHIP; GROUP-SIZE; INFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; DISCRIMINATION; CATEGORIZATION; DISCLOSURE; AMERICANS; RESPONSES;

D O I：

10.1177/14614448211017527

中图分类号：

G2 [信息与知识传播];

学科分类号：

05 ; 0503 ;

摘要：

Online hate speech is very common. This is problematic as degrading social groups can traumatize targets, evoke stress, and depression. Since no reaction of others could suggest the acceptability of hate speech, bystander intervention is essential. However, it is unclear when and how minorities react to hate speech. Drawing from social identity theory and research on in-group intervention, we inquire how Islamophobic online hate speech and counter speech by majority or minority members shape Muslims' willingness to intervene. Thus, in an online experiment (N = 362), we varied the presence of Islamophobic online hate speech and counter speech by a (non-) Muslim. Results showed that Islamophobic online hate speech led to a perceived religious identity threat which, in turn, increased the personal responsibility to intervene and resulted in higher intentions to utter factual counter speech. In addition, counter speech by both majority and minority members directly reduced Muslims' intentions to counterargue hatefully.

引用

页码：2339 / 2358

页数：20