The aim of this study is to determine the levels of deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 toxin (HT2), T-2 toxin (T2), and ochratoxin A (OTA) in bee products (bee pollen, propolis, honey and royal jelly) available in Turkey. In addition, exposure and health risk assessments were performed to identify the potential health risk of these mycotoxins. The mycotoxins were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a UV detector and positive samples were confirmed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The most common mycotoxins in all bee products were DON and T-2 toxin, with mean concentrations of 1.601 and 0.704 mu g/per kg dry sample, respectively, followed by OTA and HT-2 toxin. It was determined that the mycotoxins taken as a result of consuming bee products in specified amounts do not pose a risk to health.
机构:
Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Liu, Xiangwu
Song, Bangyan
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Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Song, Bangyan
Jiang, Xiaoxia
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Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Jiang, Xiaoxia
Yang, Ya
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Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Yang, Ya
Lu, Ping
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Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Lu, Ping
Hu, Deyu
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Guizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
Guizhou Univ, Ctr Res & Dev Fine Chem, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R ChinaGuizhou Univ, Key Lab Green Pesticide & Agr Bioengn, Minist Educ, Guiyang, Guizhou, Peoples R China
机构:
Chinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Chengdu 611137, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
Wen, Jing
Kong, Weijun
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Chinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
Kong, Weijun
Hu, Yichen
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Chinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
Hu, Yichen
Wang, Jian
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机构:
Chengdu Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Sch Pharm, Chengdu 611137, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
Wang, Jian
Yang, Meihua
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Chinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R ChinaChinese Acad Med Sci, Peking Union Med Coll, Inst Med Plant Dev,Minist Educ, Key Lab Bioact Subst & Resources Utilizat Chinese, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China