Knowledge-guided digital twin modeling method of generating hierarchical scenes for a high-speed railway

China's railway construction is rapidly transitioning toward integrated management of "stakeholders, management elements, and management processes". Therefore, comprehensive and whole-process digital twin scene modeling is urgently needed for intelligent railway construction. However, the requirements of three-dimensional scenes in different stages vary hierarchically, resulting in a lack of construction semantics and limited universality in modeling. This article proposes a knowledge-guided digital twin modeling method of hierarchical scenes for a high-speed railway. We first build a knowledge graph of "knowledge-model-data" to achieve an accurate and hierarchical description of railway scenes. We then establish a parameter-driven modeling method that integrates knowledge guidance and primitive combination to generate a display scene and a virtual design scene automatically. Third, we propose joint linkage and model growth methods for construction action modeling, which are used to generate a virtual construction scene. Finally, in response to the hierarchical scene-generating requirements in different stages, we conduct intelligent modeling experiments for the entire design and construction process. The knowledge graph of the hierarchical semantic description mode significantly improves the flexibility and universality of the modeling method. The proposed modeling method for the entire process contributes to the rapid representation of design data, in-depth design, visual exploration, and dynamic optimization of the construction process. This article provides a reliable digital twin modeling solution for the entire process to improve design and construction quality.