Impact of Mixed Land Use on Housing Prices, Spatial Differentiation and Implications: Empirical Analysis Based on Qingdao

Mixed land use is widely practiced yet needs to be understood regarding its spatially-differentiated patterns and implications over time. This study builds a framework considering both the degree and dominant type, incorporates them into the traditional and geographically weighted hedonic price models, and conducts an empirical analysis in Qingdao, China. We found that: (1) In a global sense, the degree of mixed land use has a significant positive impact on housing prices. The influence of the "commercial-service-dominated" (Bdominate) is negative, and that of the "public-commercial-balanced" (ABdominate) type is worse. (2) When considering spatial autocorrelation, the degree shows a negative effect on average, with the effect of dominant types varying spatially. (3) Following the direction of development sequences, the districts and counties can be categorized into four types. The overall degree of mixed land use decreases while its effect on housing prices increases and decreases, and the negative effects of Bdominate and ABdominate types on housing prices also increase and decrease. The framework for studying mixed land use can be applied in other areas, and the insights on different dominant types and spatial variances are helpful in guiding planning practices.