Quantifying the Impact of Supermarket Distance on Childhood Obesity in Greater London, UK: Exploring Different Access Measures and Modification Effects of Transportation

Background: Healthy food access may be relevant for predicting trends in childhood obesity. The goal was to determine associations between childhood overweight (including obesity) and distance to three nearest supermarkets stratified by transportation modes (walking, cycling, driving).Methods: Bivariate and multivariate linear regressions examine the relationship with obesity, including interacting active and inactive modes.Results: Proximity to at least three supermarkets shows small but significant positive association with obesity. Walking mode showed higher obesity rates than driving, and distance was not related to the mode of travel.Conclusions: Disparities in healthy food access may not contribute meaningfully to childhood obesity, as other individual factors may be largely at play.