3D slicer combined with neuroendoscope in treatment of a distal segment aneurysm of the anterior choroidal artery complicated intraventricular hemorrhage: A case report and literature review

Introduction: Pure ventricular hemorrhage is often secondary to Moyamoya disease, rarely caused by rupture of ventricular aneurysm. The surgical treatment of the latter is very challenging. 3D Slicer reconstruction technology can accurately locate small intracranial lesions and combined with minimally invasive surgery with transcranial neuroendoscope is a new attempt to treat the above diseases.Case presentation: We report a case of pure intraventricular hemorrhage secondary to rupture of a distal segment aneurysm of the anterior choroidal artery. Brain computed tomography (CT) before admission showed pure ventricular hemorrhage, and brain CT angiography (CTA) before operation showed a distal segment aneurysm of the anterior choroidal artery. We used 3D Slicer reconstruction and precise location of the focus before the operation and used the minimally invasive surgery technique with transcranial neuroendoscope to completely remove the hema-toma in the ventricle, and found the responsible aneurysm located in the ventricle.Conclusion: Pure intraventricular hemorrhage requires vigilance against the distal segment aneurysm of the anterior choroidal artery. At present, conventional microscopic craniotomy and intravascular interventional therapy have limitations, and 3D Slicer reconstruction and precise positioning technology combined with transcranial neuroendoscope minimally invasive surgery may be a good choice.